The performance of high-strength flowable concrete made with binary, ternary, or quaternary binder in hot climate

This paper investigates the performance of high-strength flowable concrete (HSFC) made with binary, ternary, or quaternary binder and with up to 70% of Portland cement replaced by supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs). Materials used as partial replacement of cement include class C and class F fly-ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, and silica fume. A total of 16 concrete mixtures were prepared and tested. Two sets of concrete samples were prepared from each mixture. One set was cured under normal curing conditions (i.e. in a conventional curing room until the day of testing or in the curing room for the first 7 days and air cured for the remaining of the study) and the second set was cured in the curing room for the first 7 days and then exposed to a temperature of 46 °C (115 °F) in the oven on a 12-h based cycles until testing. Results showed that HSFC made with high volume of SCMs and exposed to hot climate condition performs similar, in some cases superior, to that of a similar concrete cured under normal condition.