The self-criticality problem of any new CO2-free energy system replacing fossil fuels

The self-criticality conditions for the growth of any new CO2-free energy system are derived in a quite general manner. In this model, capital and energy are coupled in the form of a circular causality resulting in a closed system with a strong feed-back. alysis shows explicitly how high the new energy production costs, in terms of US$/kWh of useful energy, are allowed, to be sure that really an energy source and not an energy sink is being built.