Hydrogen-based PEM auxiliary power unit

Hydrogen is an energy carrier which can be used for the storage of intermittent and renewable energy sources. In this paper, the general characteristics of an integrated and automated hydrogen-based auxiliary power unit (APU) are presented. A PEM water electrolyzer (production capacity ranging from zero up to 1 Nm3 H2/h), which can be powered by a panel of photovoltaic cells, is used to produce hydrogen at day hours. Hydrogen is dried and stored in hydride reservoir tanks (the storage capacity of individual reservoirs is 1 Nm3 H2). Then hydrogen is used for the co-generation of heat and electricity at night hours using a PEM fuel cell (1 kW maximum output power). The main electrochemical and technological features of the overall system are presented. This kind of APU can potentially be used as an electric power source for domestic applications, for the production of electricity on remote sites or as a mobile hydrogen refuelling station for transport applications in urban areas.