Amperometric lactate biosensor for flow injection analysis based on a screen-printed carbon electrode containing Meldolaʹs Blue-Reinecke salt, coated with lactate dehydrogenase and NAD+

A biosensor for the measurement of lactate in serum has been developed, which is based on a screen-printed carbon electrode, modified with Meldolaʹs Blue-Reinecke Salt (MBRS-SPCE), coated with the enzyme lactate dehydrogenase NAD+ dependent (from Porcine heart), and NAD+. A cellulose acetate layer was deposited on the top of the device to act as a permselective membrane. The biosensor was incorporated into a commercially available, thin-layer, amperometric flow cell operated at a potential of only +0.05 V vs. Ag/AgCl. The mobile phase consisted of 0.2 M phosphate buffer pH 10 containing 0.1 M potassium chloride solution; a flow rate of 0.8 ml min−1 was used throughout the investigation. The biosensor response was linear over the range 0.55–10 mM lactate; the former represents the detection limit. The precision of the system was determined by carrying out 10 repeat injections of 10 mM l(+)lactic acid standard; the calculated coefficient of variation was 4.28%. It was demonstrated that this biosensor system could be applied to the direct measurement of lactate in serum without pre-treatment; therefore, this would allow high throughput-analysis, at low cost, for this clinically important analyte.