Survey of sulfonated polyimide membrane as a good candidate for nafion substitution in fuel cell

Studies in fuel cell membranes show that modification of polyimides by introduction of aliphatic linkages in the structure of sulfonated copolyimides, synthesis of branched/crosslinked sulfonated polyimides, and semi and fully interpenetrating polymer networks of sulfonated polyimides restrain suitable potential for Nafion substitution.