Preparation of poly(vinyltetrazole) chain-grafted poly(glycidymethacrylate-co-ethylenedimethacrylate) beads by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization for the use in weak cation exchange and hydrophilic interaction chromatography

A novel stationary phase for weak cation exchange (WCX) and hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) was prepared with surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP). Vinyltetrazole was grafted onto the surface of the beads in water medium with the polyglycidylmethacrylate beads (PGMA/EDMA) previously modified with 2-bromoisobutryl bromide as the macromolecule initiators and CuCl as catalyst. The poly(vinyltetrazole)-grafted beads obtained with different atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) formulations were tried as chromatographic packings in ion-exchange chromatography. The results showed that the prepared columns could separate the tested proteins with high efficiency and high capacity, and the retention time of protein had a positive relationship with increasing the chain lengths of the grafted poly(vinyltetrazole) (PVT). The prepared column was also found to be able to separate nucleosides by hydrophilic interaction chromatographic mode.