The promoting effect of La, Mg, Co and Zn on the activity and stability of Ni/SiO2 catalyst for CO2 reforming of methane

CO2 reforming of methane into synthesis gas over Ni/SiO2 catalysts promoted by La, Mg, Co and Zn was investigated. The catalysts were prepared by impregnation method and characterized by XRD, TPR, SEM and TG-DTA techniques. Ni–La/SiO2 catalyst was found to exhibit high activity and excellent stability with the addition of suitable amount of La promoter, which increased the dispersion of NiO and the interaction between NiO and SiO2. Two different types of carbon species, namely, easily oxidized carbonaceous species and inert carbon, were observed on the surface of the used catalysts. The inert carbon deposited on Ni–Mg/SiO2 catalyst may be the main reason for its deactivation, while the principal reason for the deactivation of Ni–Co/SiO2 catalyst might be the sintering of metallic Ni. The addition of La and Mg decreased the contribution of reverse water-gas shift reaction, leading to higher H2 yield.