Determination of palladium by on-line flow-injection direct spectrophotometry in environmental samples using 2,2′-furyldioxime as a chelator

A new, sensitive, and accurate on-line spectrophotometric method for the determination of palladium was developed. The method is based on the reaction between Pd(II) and 2,2′-furyldioxime in nitric acid medium. The absorbance of the complex is spectrophotometrically measured at 410 nm with a diode-array detector. Several factors that influence the analytical performance of the method such as acidity, flow rates of the reagent and sample solutions, concentration of the reagent, and effect of interfering ions were investigated. The calibration curve was obtained in the range of 0.01–10.0 mg L−1 Pd(II). The detection limit was 0.1 µg L−1 while the relative standard deviation of the method was found to be 1.2% (n=13) at 4.0 mg L−1 Pd(II) level. The sample throughput was 275 h−1. The method was successfully applied to the determination of palladium in catalytic converter, anodic slime, road sediment, ore, and water samples.