A novel fluorescence assay for the detection of hemoglobin based on the G-quadruplex/hemin complex

A novel sensing strategy for specific recognition of hemoglobin has been designed. In the presence of trypsin, hemoglobin was cleaved to release heme which could effectively bind to a FITC-labeled guanine (G)-rich oligonucleotide sequence to form the G-quadruplex/hemin complex. This binding process would lead to fluorescence quenching of FITC via photoinduced electron transfer. Therefore, a fluorescence assay for the determination of hemoglobin could be established. Under the optimized conditions, there was a linear relationship between the fluorescence intensity of probe DNA and the hemoglobin concentration in the range of 5–200 nmol/L, with the limit of detection (LOD) as low as 2 nmol/L.