Ethanol steam reforming over rhodium and cobalt-based catalysts: Effect of the support

The effect of support on the properties of rhodium and cobalt-based catalysts for ethanol steam reforming was studied in this work, by comparing the use of magnesia, alumina and Mg–Al oxide (obtained from hydrotalcite) as supports. It was found that metallic rhodium particles with around 2.4–2.6 nm were formed on all supports, but Mg–Al oxide led to the narrowest particles size distribution; cobalt was supposed to be located on the support, affecting its acidity. Rhodium interacts strongly with the support in the order: alumina> Mg–Al oxide > magnesia. The magnesium-containing catalysts showed low ethene selectivity and high hydrogen selectivity while the alumina-based ones showed high ethene selectivity, assigned to the Lewis sites of alumina. The Mg–Al oxide-supported rhodium and cobalt catalyst was the most promising sample to produce hydrogen by ethanol reforming, showing the highest hydrogen yield, low ethene selectivity and high specific surface area during reaction.