A competitive electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of human interleukin-6 based on the electrically heated carbon electrode and silver nanoparticles functionalized labels

A facile one-step electrochemical reduction method was developed to prepare electrochemically reduced graphene oxide (ERGO) and gold−palladium bimetallic nanoparticles (AuPdNPs) as the platform of immunosensor. A novel competitive electrochemical immunosensor was then proposed by combining the ERGO−AuPdNPs platform with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) functionalized polystyrene bionanolabel for the sensitive detection of human interleukin-6 (IL-6). An electrically heated carbon electrode (HCPE) was introduced in the detection procedure of the immunosensor, and further improved the sensitivity. The immunosensor exhibited a wide linear response to IL-6 ranging from 0.1 to 100000 pg mL−1 with a detection limit of 0.059 pg mL−1. The proposed method showed good precision, broad linear range, acceptable stability and high reproducibility, and could be used for the detection of IL-6 in real samples, which possessed promising application in clinical research.