Investigations of deformation of FGM

FGM are marked by a heterogeneous composition changing continuously. Therefore, it must be considered while deformation that different material ranges show different deformation behaviour and that the overall deformation is inhomogeneous. For this reason the graded material was subdivided into a finite number of ranges for the simulation of the deformation behaviour. Homogeneous material behaviour is assumed in these ranges. The yield strengths of the respective homogeneous materials are determined experimentally and then applied as material parameters in the simulation. A simple upsetting of a cylindrical specimen at constant temperature and deformation rate was calculated as an example. The results of the simulation show that, as expected, the material flow is marked differently in various material ranges due to the differing yield strength. This is confirmed by experimental investigations. Differences in the results of simulation and experiments in particular occur in the case of the direct comparison of the geometrical dimensions. This is mainly explained by differing initial microstructures. The comparison of the compression forces shows good agreement between simulation and experiment.