On the simulation of austenite to bainite phase transformation

In this work we present a macroscopic material model for simulation of austenite to bainite transformation accompanied by transformation plasticity (TP), which is an important phenomenon in metal forming processes. In order to account for the incubation time the model considers nucleation of the bainite phase. When this quantity attains a barrier term, growth of bainite volume fraction is started. The model formulation allows for individual evolutions of upper and lower bainite. Furthermore the experiments of austenite to bainite phase transformation and the transformation plasticity as a result of bainite phase transformation and elastic stresses are described.