Lattice Boltzmann method for MHD natural convection heat transfer using nanofluid

Lattice Boltzmann method is used to investigate magnetohydrodynamic flow utilizing Cu–water nanofluid in a concentric annulus. This investigation was compared with other numerical methods and found to be in excellent agreement. Numerical results for flow and heat transfer characteristics are obtained for various values of Hartmann number (Ha = 0 to 40), nanoparticle volume fraction (ϕ = 0, 0.02, 0.04 and 0.06), Rayleigh number (Ra = 104,105 and 106) and aspect ratio (λ = 1.5 to 4.5). Results proved that enhancement ratio increases with decrease of Rayleigh number and it increases with augment of Hartmann number. Also it can be concluded that Nusselt number has a direct relationship with nanoparticle volume fraction, Rayleigh number and it has a reverse relationship with Hartmann number.