In situ photoelectron spectroscopy at the liquid/nanoparticle interface

In this prospective, an overview of in situ photoelectron spectroscopy at the liquid/nanoparticle (NP) interface is presented. Recently it was shown that by using a liquid microjet in combination with synchrotron radiation electronic structure measurements at the aqueous solution/nanoparticle interface can be realized. We discuss unique aspects of this experiment including the liquid microjet source while outlining potential applications and opportunities. A special section is devoted to laboratory based in situ ultrafast pump-probe photoelectron spectroscopy at the liquid/nanoparticle interface. In situ photoelectron spectroscopy at the liquid/nanoparticle interface has potential to benefit researchers across several disciplines including chemistry, physics, biology, materials science and nanomedicine.