Carbon nanotube-based membranes: Fabrication and application to desalination

Membranes based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been highlighted as an emerging technology for water purification system applications. With their ultra high water flux and low biofouling potential, CNT membranes are believed to lack various problems encountered when using the conventional membrane separation process that requires a large amount of energy and meticulous maintenance. Although diverse types of CNT membranes have been reported, no commercialized products are available. This article reviews the proper manufacturing methods for CNT membranes and speculates on their performances. Future applications of integrated CNT membrane systems are also outlined.