Evaluation of heavy metal kinetics through pyridine based Th(IV) phosphate composite cation exchanger using particle diffusion controlled ion exchange phenomenon

In this study, the ion exchange kinetics of selected heavy metals such as Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn through the pyridine based thorium(IV) phosphate composite cation exchange material was studied. The ion exchange kinetics over this composite cation exchanger followed the particle diffusion controlled ion exchange phenomenon. Kinetics parameters also revealed that the mechanism of ion exchange for heavy toxic metal ion is feasible to explore the wastewater treatment.