The reaction of polyaniline with iodine

Polyaniline (PANI) (emeraldine) base has been exposed to iodine in an ethanol–water suspension. The conductivity of PANI increased from 10−9 S cm−1 to 10−4 S cm−1 already at the molar ratio [I2]/[PANI] = 1, and a higher content of iodine had only a marginal effect. This is the result of the protonation of PANI base with hydriodic acid, which is a by-product of the oxidation of the emeraldine form of PANI to pernigraniline constitutional units. The reaction is discussed on the basis of FTIR spectra. An alternative reaction, a ring-iodination of PANI, is marginal. Only one iodine atom substitutes a hydrogen atom in about 12 aniline units, even at high iodine concentration, [I2]/[PANI] = 8. The film of polyaniline base can be used in sensing iodine; after exposure to the iodine vapor, the conductivity of the polyaniline film increased.