Monte Carlo simulation of the magnetic properties of a spin-1 Blume–Capel nanowire

Monte Carlo simulation has been used to study the magnetic properties and hysteresis loops of a Blume–Capel nanowire, consisting of a ferromagnetic core of spin-1 atoms surrounded by a ferromagnetic shell of spin-1 atoms with ferromagnetic or anti-ferromagnetic interfacial coupling. We have examined the influence of the crystal field, the temperature, and the interfacial coupling on the hysteresis behavior, susceptibility, specific heat and internal energy. The remanent magnetization and the coercive field as a function of the temperature have also been investigated. We have found that the system exhibits the first order phase transition, one or double hysteresis loops in the ferromagnetic case, and one or triple hysteresis loops in the ferrimagnetic case.