Phase and morphology investigation of BaxSr1−xTiO3 (x = 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8) powders

This study aims to understand thoroughly the effects of calcining and sintering conditions on the relative permittivity and sintering behaviors of the solid solution method of preparing BSTs. BST (BaxSr1−xTiO3, x = 0.6, 0.7 and 0.8) was synthesized using an established solid-state reaction method [R.K. Roeder, E.B. Slamovich, Stoichiometry control and phase selection in hydrothermally derived BaxSr1−xTiO3 powders, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 82 (7) (1999) 1655, R. Ganesh, E. Goo, Microstructure and dielectric characteristics of PbxBa0.5−xSr0.5TiO3 ceramics, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 79 (1996) 225, J.W. Liou, B.S. Chiou, Effect of direct-current biasing on the dielectric properties of barium strontium titanate, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 80 (12) (1997) 3093, T. Noh, S. Kim, C. Lee, Chemical preparation of barium–strontium titanate, Bull. Korean. Chem. Soc. 16 (1995) 1180]. BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 powders were used as starting materials. Crystallinity and lattice parameter of the calcined powders was improved by increasing the calcining temperature, as indicated by the increase in intensity of the X-ray diffraction peak. The particle size distribution also increasing at higher calcining temperature. The composition investigated here display dielectric properties characteristic of normal ferroelectrics.