Butterfly hysteresis and slow relaxation of the magnetization in (Et4N)3Fe2F9: manifestations of a single-molecule magnet

(Et4N)3Fe2F9 exhibits a butterfly-shaped hysteresis below 5 K when the magnetic field is parallel to the threefold axis, in accordance with a very slow magnetization relaxation in the timescale of minutes. This is attributed to an energy barrier Δ=2.40 K resulting from the S=5 dimer ground state of [Fe2F9]3− and a negative axial anisotropy. The relaxation partly occurs via thermally assisted quantum tunneling. These features of a single-molecule magnet are observable at temperatures comparable to the barrier height, due to an extremely inefficient energy exchange between the spin system and the phonons. The butterfly shape of the hysteresis arises from a phonon avalanche effect.