Effect of Cu-stoichiometry on the dielectric and electric properties in CaCu3Ti4O12 ceramics

CaCu3+yTi4O12 ( y = 0 , ±0.025, ±0.05, ±0.1 and −0.15) ceramics are prepared by the conventional solid-state reaction technique under sintering condition of 1050 ∘C, 10 h. X-ray diffraction shows that they all have the good crystalline structure. Cu-deficient ceramics exhibit the microstructures of uniform grain size distribution, whereas both Cu-stoichiometric and Cu-rich ceramics display microstructures of bimodal grain size distribution. The largeness of low-frequency dielectric permittivity at room temperature is found to be very sensitive to the Cu-stoichiometry. Upon raising the measuring temperature, all of the ceramics present commonly three semicircles in the complex impedance plane. It indicates that there exist three distinct contributions, which are ascribed to arising from domains, grain boundaries and domain boundaries. In addition, the influence of CuO segregation on the dielectric and electrical properties is also discussed.