Combination of thiol antioxidant Silibinin with Brostallicin is associated with increase in the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and decrease in caspase 3 activity

The cytotoxic activity of Brostallicin was previously shown to be enhanced in the presence of high glutathione and glutathione transferase levels. We hypothesized that thiol antioxidants, N-acetylcysteine and Silibinin, could potentiate Brostallicinʹs cytotoxicity in a similar way. HepG2 and CNE-2 cells were treated with N-acetylcysteine, Silibinin and Brostallicin, either alone or in combination. Surprisingly, we found that NAC and Silibinin had adverse effects on Brostallicinʹs cytotoxicity. The mechanism underlying the interaction involved the apoptotic pathway as we demonstrated an increase in Bcl-2 protein levels and decrease in caspase 3 activity with the Silibinin–Brostallicin combination.