Trisomy 15 in hematological malignancies: Six cases and review of the literature

We report six cases of trisomy 15 in patients with hematological malignancy. In four cases trisomy 15 was the sole abnormality and in two cases it was associated with sex chromosome loss. The patient age range was 6–91 years, and three patients were male. Four patients had myelodysplasia (refractory anemia), one patient each had acute myeloid leukemia and acute lymphoblastic leukemia. A literature review identified ten other cases of trisomy 15 as the sole abnormality in hematological malignancies. Trisomy 15 as the sole autosomal abnormality in hematological malignancy is uncommon, but can occur in both myeloid and lymphoid malignancies. It appears to occur most frequently in myelodysplasia.