Characterization of partially sintered ceramic powder compacts using fluorinated gas NMR imaging

We use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) imaging of C2F6 gas to characterize porosity, mean pore size, and permeability of partially sintered ceramic (Y-TZP Yttria-stabilized tetragonal-zirconia polycrystal) samples. Conventional measurements of these parameters gave porosity values from 0.18 to 0.4, mean pore sizes from 10 nm to 40 nm, and permeability from 4 nm2 to 25 nm2. The NMR methods are based on relaxation time measurements (T1) and the time dependent diffusion coefficient D(Δ). The relaxation time of C2F6 gas is longer in pores than in bulk gas and it increases as the pore sizes decrease. NMR yielded accurate porosity values after correcting for surface adsorption effects. A model for T1 dependence on pore size that accounts for collisions between gas molecules and walls as well as surface adsorption effects is proposed. The model fits the experimental data well. Finally, the long time limit of D(Δ)/Do, where Do is the bulk gas diffusion coefficient is useful for measuring tortuosity, while the short time limit was not achieved experimentally and could not be used for calculating surface-area to volume (S/V) ratios.