Surface nano-architectures and their effects on the mechanical properties and corrosion behavior of Ti-based orthopedic implants

Ti-based alloys are widely used in orthopedic implants because of their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, in the complex physiological environment and influenced by other factors like cyclic loading, these implants can lose their natural properties and become incompatible or cyto-toxic to the body tissues and cells. Two of the causes are the deteriorated mechanical properties in this dynamic environment and the effects of by-products stemming from corrosion. In serious cases, implant failure results. Nano architectures on the surface of these alloys can improve the in vivo and in vitro biocompatibility of these alloys. This paper reviews recent progress pertaining to the design and construction of nano surface architectures on Ti-based alloys and their effects on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance in the simulated physiological environment.