Detection of malignant hepatic tumors with ferumoxide-enhanced MR imaging: usefulness of multishot and single-shot fast spin echo sequences

The purpose of our study was to assess whether respiratory-triggered multishot fast spin echo (MS-FSE) and breath-hold half-Fourier single-shot fast spin echo (SS-FSE) images, in addition to breath-hold T2*-weighted gradient recalled echo (GRE) images, increase observer performance in the detection of malignant hepatic tumors with ferumoxide-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Ferumoxide-enhanced MR images obtained from 48 patients with 83 malignant hepatic tumors were retrospectively reviewed by three independent off-site readers. In the first image review, GRE images alone were reviewed. Then, MS-FSE images were added for the first combination review. Finally, SS-FSE images were added for the second combination review. Observer performances were tested by McNemarʹs test and receiver-operating-characteristic analysis for the clustered data. Sensitivity for hepatocellular carcinomas, metastases, and malignant hepatic tumors overall was significantly (p < 0.05) higher with GRE and MS-FSE combined and GRE, MS-FSE and SS-FSE combined than with GRE alone. For metastases, the Az value was significantly (p < 0.05) higher with GRE and MS-FSE combined, and GRE, MS-FSE and SS-FSE combined than with GRE alone. We confirmed the incremental value of ferumoxide-enhanced MR imaging by obtaining MS-FSE and SS-FSE images in addition to GRE images in the detection of malignant hepatic tumors.