Dynamic magnetic resonance microscopy of flour dough fermentation

Magnetic resonance microscopy was carried out at 9.4 T with a voxel volume of 117 × 117 × 500 μm3 and temporal resolution was adjusted to 8.5 min for a dynamic follow-up of bread dough fermentation during 2 h at a constant temperature of 30°C. An image analysis procedure based on gray levels mathematical morphology routines was performed to assess bubble distribution and cell wall thickness inside the imaged bread dough. The evolution of the extracted curves allows one to characterize quantitatively the amount of bubbles and their growth. Using this procedure, different bread doughs were examined to determine the impact of dough composition on the structure modification during fermentation.