Review of current thermal ablation treatment for lung cancer and the potential of electrochemotherapy as a means for treatment of lung tumours

Lung cancer remains the most common cancer diagnosed worldwide and has one of the lowest survival rates of all cancers. Surgery remains the only curative treatment option but because most patients are either diagnosed at advanced stages or are unfit for surgery, less than a third of all lung cancer patients will undergo a surgical resection. Thermal ablation has emerged as an alternative option in patients who are unfit to undergo surgery. Thermal ablative therapies used in clinical practice to date include Radiofrequency Ablation (RFA), Microwave Ablation (MWA) and Cryoablation This article will focus on the advantages and limitations of thermal ablative therapy and investigates the potential of a relatively new treatment modality, Electrochemotherapy (ECT), as a novel treatment for lung cancer.