CD8+ T-cell mediated self-reactivity in HLA-B27 context as a consequence of dual peptide conformation

HLA-B⁎2709 does not predispose for Ankylosing Spondylitis although it differs from B⁎2705, the most common and AS-associated subtype in different ethnic groups, only for the substitution His116Asp. Therefore, a productive approach to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the disease could be the comparison of these alleles. B⁎2705 has been shown to display certain self-peptides enriched in basic residues i.e., pVIPR and pGR, in a dual conformation and this is accompanied by the presence of specific cytotoxic T cells in patients with AS. In this study, we convalidate our previous observation that B⁎2709 healthy subjects do not possess primary reactivity towards pVIPR while showing a prompt CD8+ T cell response driven by pGR. Notably, in the B⁎2709 context of presentation, pVIPR assumes only a single conformation in contrast with pGR which is dimorphic. These results suggest a possible general connection between the occurrence of double peptide conformation and the property of inducing specific autoimmune responses.