High frequency of the IL-2 −330 T/HLA-DRB1*1501 haplotype in patients with multiple sclerosis

We have evaluated the role of the HLA-DRB1*1501 allele and the IL-2 −330 T/G polymorphism and their interaction in susceptibility to multiple sclerosis on 360 patients and 426 matched healthy individuals. We used the SSP-PCR method to determine the alleles. Fisherʹs exact test was used to analyses. We observed a significant increase in the T allele at IL-2 −330 position in patients (OR = 1.34, P < 0.05), and the T/T and T/G genotypes were more frequent among patients than controls. The HLA-DRB1*1501 allele was overrepresented in patients as compared to the control group (OR = 1.7, P = 0.0006). The two-locus analysis of the interaction between the IL-2 promoter polymorphism and the HLA-DRB1 allele showed that the HLA-DRB1*1501/T haplotype was more frequent in patients than controls (OR = 16, P < 0.0001). Our findings support previous findings about the role of the HLA-DRB1*1501 allele in susceptibility to MS. This work also provides new findings about the importance of gene–gene interactions in the development of MS.