Traumatic recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder: two- to four-year follow-up of an anatomic open procedure

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of an anatomic open stabilization procedure. Twenty-three consecutive patients with traumatic, recurrent, anterior glenohumeral instability were managed with a modified open procedure. All had a Bankart lesion. A standardized, true anatomic capsulolabral reconstruction was performed with suture anchors. Two patients were lost to follow-up, and twenty-one were evaluated after 36 months [range, 24-49 months] by an independent observer. Shoulder stability and function were the principal outcome measures. None of the patients had subsequent dislocations. All returned to full working capacity, and 19 reached their previous level of sport activities. The mean loss in active abduction and flexion was 1°, in internal rotation, one vertebral level, and in external rotation, 7° (arm at 90° of abduction). Two patients had a positive anterior apprehension test. No sign of shoulder osteoarthritis was observed. The open anatomic capsulolabral reconstruction provides excellent results and allows the restoration of stability with good function.