Author/Authors :
Wu، نويسنده , , Billy and Parkes، نويسنده , , Michael A. and Yufit، نويسنده , , Vladimir and De Benedetti، نويسنده , , Luca and Veismann، نويسنده , , Sven and Wirsching، نويسنده , , Christian and Vesper، نويسنده , , Felix and Martinez-Botas، نويسنده , , Ricardo F. and Marquis، نويسنده , , Andrew J. and Offer، نويسنده , , Gregory J. and Brandon، نويسنده , , Nigel P.، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
The design and test of a 9.5 kWe proton exchange membrane fuel cell passively coupled with a 33 × 1500 F supercapacitor pack is presented. Experimental results showed that the system reduced dynamic loads on the fuel cell without the need for additional DC/DC converters. Fuel efficiency gains of approximately 5% were achieved by passive hybridisation in addition to addressing two main operational degradation mechanisms: no-load idling and rapid load cycling.
ochemical Impedance Spectroscopy measurements indicated that the supercapacitor capacitance dropped with decreasing cell voltage and suggested that operation below 1.3 V is not recommended. Knee-frequency measurements suggested little benefit was gained in using passive systems with load cycles that have frequency components above 0.19 Hz. Analysis of system sizing suggested using the minimum number of supercapacitors to match the open circuit voltage of the fuel cell to maximise load buffering.
Keywords :
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell , Supercapacitors , Passive system , Balance of plant , electric vehicle
