Glycosyl-nucleoside fluorinated amphiphiles as components of nanostructured hydrogels

The synthesis of two novel glycosyl-nucleoside fluorinated amphiphiles (GNFs) derived from the 2H,2H,3H,3H-perfluoro-undecanoyl hydrophobic chain is described. The GNF amphiphiles, which feature either β-d-glucopyranosyl or β-d-lactopyranosyl moieties linked to a thymine base via a 1,2,3 triazole linker, were prepared using a ‘double click’ chemistry route. Surface tension measurements, gelation properties, and TEM studies show that GNFs spontaneously assemble into supramolecular structures. Similarly to their hydrocarbon analogues (GNLs), the GNFs have unique gelation properties in water. A minimum hydrogelation concentration of 0.1% (w/w), was determined in the case of the β-d-glucopyranosyl derivative. Cell viability studies indicate that fluorocarbon GNF 5 was not toxic for human cells (Huh7), whereas hydrocarbon analogue GNL is toxic above 100 μm.