Optical nanoinjection of macromolecules into vital cells

A tuneable near infrared 90 MHz mode locked femtosecond laser was applied for targeted multiphoton optoporation of vital cells. Here, we demonstrate the laser assisted transfer of large amounts of exogenous materials and even macromolecules into living cells via a transient opening of the membrane and quantify the influx. The use of near infrared lasers also allow the optoporation of cells deep in three dimensional biological structures without photodestructive collateral effects.