Synthesis, crystal structure, DNA binding and in vitro biological studies of Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) complexes of N-phthaloylglycine

Ni(II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) metal complexes of N-phthaloylglycine were synthesized, characterized, reported for single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis for Ni(II) complex, and investigated for their binding with DNA under physiological conditions, using spectroscopic (UV–visible and fluorescence) and hydrodynamic techniques. Experimental results from both spectroscopic methods were comparable and further supported by viscosity measurements. Binding constant “Kb” obtained from both spectroscopic methods revealed significant binding of compounds with DNA via intercalation. Among all compounds comparatively good DNA binding was found for Zn(II) complex. Free energies of compounds–DNA interactions indicated spontaneity of their binding. Dynamic and bimolecular enhancement values disclose static process involved in compounds–DNA complex formation. All compounds exhibited broad range antibacterial, while Zn(II) complex exhibited best antitumor activity.