Relations between doppler tracings of pulmonary regurgitation and invasive hemodynamics in acute right ventricular infarction complicating inferior wall left ventricular infarction

To test the hypothesis that flow characteristics from pulmonary regurgitation (PR) can predict right ventricular (RV) involvement in patients with inferior wall acute myocardial infarction, we prospectively recorded continuous-wave Doppler tracings and right-sided cardiac hemodynamics in 48 consecutive patients with inferior wall acute myocardial infarction and PR. Right heart hemodynamics enabled the identification of 29 patients with (group 1) and 19 without (group 2) RV involvement. In patients with RV involvement, the pulmonary regurgitant flow pattern was characterized by a rapid rise in flow velocity to a peak level followed by an abrupt deceleration in mid-diastole, whereas in patients without RV involvement, the deceleration in mid-diastole was gradual. The pressure half-time of PR (PHTPR) and the lowest mid-diastolic to peak early diastolic velocity ratio were significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 (91 ± 31 vs 214 ± 57 ms [p < 0.001], 0.35 ± 0.08 vs 0.59 ± 0.13 [p < 0.001], respectively). The best diagnostic accuracy (95%) was obtained with cutoff values of PHTPR ≤150 ms and the lowest mid-diastolic to peak early diastolic velocity ratio ≤0.5: sensitivity 100%, specificity 89%, positive predictive value 94%, and negative predictive value 100%. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, we found that PHTPR was the strongest predictor of RV involvement. Thus, these parameters, derived from pulmonary regurgitant tracings, are useful in the noninvasive bedside diagnosis of RV infarction.