Author/Authors :
Genth-Zotz، نويسنده , , Sabine and von Haehling، نويسنده , , Stephan and Bolger، نويسنده , , Aidan P and Kalra، نويسنده , , Paul R and Wensel، نويسنده , , Roland and Coats، نويسنده , , Andrew J.S and Anker، نويسنده , , Stefan D، نويسنده ,
Abstract :
Bacterial endotoxin activity is elevated in patients with decompensated chronic heart failure (HF) and acts as a potent stimulus for immune activation. We sought to determine whether endotoxin, at an activity level seen in vivo (around 0.6 EU/ml), is suff