Circadian Variation of Endothelial Function in Idiopathic Dilated Cardiomyopathy

This study measured flow-mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery 3 times a day (6:30 a.m., 11:30 a.m., and 9 p.m.) in 7 normal subjects and 14 patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (7 in New York Heart Association [NYHA] functional class I or II and 7 in NYHA functional class III or IV). FMD in normal subjects and patients in NYHA class I or II showed a circadian variation, being lowest in the morning and highest at night. Compared with them, FMD in patients in NYHA class III or IV was lower and almost constant during the day, showing loss of significant circadian variation in endothelial function in patients with congestive heart failure.