Relation of Atrial Fibrillation Burden and N-Terminal Pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide

Previous studies have noted a correlation between the presence of atrial fibrillation (AF) and elevated brain natriuretic peptide hormone level, although the exact nature of this association is unclear. Understanding the relation between AF and brain natriuretic peptide may enhance care for this patient population. The aim of this study was to establish the relationship between AF burden and N-terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) level. One hundred eighty-four patients who presented to the University of North Carolina electrophysiology clinic with AF underwent baseline questionnaires, laboratory testing (including NT-proBNP), echocardiography, and 1-week ambulatory rhythm monitoring. Multivariate linear regression was used to determine the association between AF burden and NT-proBNP level. Increased AF burden was associated with increased NT-proBNP level, and this association remained significant after adjusting for possible confounders. Compared with a 0% AF burden, those with an AF burden of 1% to 25% had a nearly 1.5-fold increase (p = 0.102), those with an AF burden of 26% to 99% had a nearly fourfold increase (p <0.001), and those with an AF burden of 100% had a nearly 4.5-fold increase (p <0.001). In conclusion, AF burden as assessed by continuous 1-week ambulatory rhythm monitoring is directly associated with NT-proBNP level. NT-proBNP may act as a useful surrogate for assessing AF burden.