Relationships of peri-partum, plasma concentrations of progesterone, oestrogens and 13,14-dihydro-15-ketoprostaglandin F2α in heifers and of anatomical measurements of dam and calf with difficulty of calving in early-bred Hereford×Friesian heifers

Plasma concentrations of progesterone, oestradiol-17β, oestrone, oestrone sulphate and PGFM have been measured daily during the first peri-partum period of 45 Hereford×Friesian heifers bred at 11 months of age. Anatomical measurements of dam and calf were also recorded. Twelve of the calvings were scored easy, 33 difficult. Each of five models (fitted by linear logistic regression) relating difficulty of calving to the hormonal and anatomical measurements, predicts with at least 94% accuracy the calving score (easy or difficult) among the calvings. The models predict that increases of progesterone concentration on the day before calving, of oestrone sulphate concentration on the day after calving and of heifer heart girth decrease the odds of difficult calving, whereas increases of heifer body length and of calf head circumference increase the odds of difficult calving.