Impact of Trimetazidine on Incidence of Myocardial Injury and Contrast-Induced Nephropathy in Diabetic Patients With Renal Dysfunction Undergoing Elective Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Trimetazidine is an anti-ischemic agent with antioxidant activity. This study evaluated the effect of periprocedural administration of trimetazidine on the incidence of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)–induced myocardial injury and contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) in diabetic patients with mild-to-moderate renal dysfunction. One hundred patients with a mean glomerular filtration rate of 48 ± 16 (ml/min/1.73 m2) were prospectively enrolled, then randomly assigned to receive (50 patients; trimetazidine group) or not receive (50 patients; control group) periprocedural trimetazidine (70 mg/day) for 72 hours. The serum creatinine level was measured pre-PCI, 72 hours, and 10 days thereafter. An increase in the serum creatinine level by >0.5 mg/dl or 0.25% of the baseline value is considered as CIN. Cardiac troponin I levels were measured before and 6, 12, and 24 hours after PCI. Mean age of the study cohort was 59 ± 6 years (men 68%). The serum creatinine level in the control group increased significantly 3 days after PCI and decreased on the tenth day. However, it showed no significant change in the trimetazidine group. Incidence of CIN was 12% in the trimetazidine group and 28% in the control group (p <0.05). Cardiac troponin I levels were significantly reduced in the trimetazidine group (6 hours: 8 ± 0.3 vs 16 ± 0.2 pg/ml, 12 hours: 13 ± 0.9 vs 24 ± 0.8 pg/ml, 24 hours: 7 ± 0.7 vs 14 ± 0.3 pg/ml, p <0.001). In conclusion, trimetazidine intake before elective PCI in diabetic patients with mild-to-moderate renal dysfunction is associated with decreased incidence of CIN and myocardial injury.