Introducing and validation of SYBR Green Real-Time PCR method to determinate sex ratio in bovine semen

Flow cytometry is a widely used application for validating the accuracy of sperm sexing. However, this method is relatively expensive and requires considerable technical support. An alternative method employing simpler technology at low cost could be suitable for the evaluation of bovine semen in laboratories with low budgets. We used a SYBR Green Real-Time PCR assay to determinate sex ratio in bovine semen. The PLP and SRY genes were amplified to isolate the specific fragments of X- and Y-chromosome sequences, respectively. Two certified standard curves were obtained using two plasmids containing PLP and SRY amplicons. Our results show no significant difference in semen sex ratio in unsorted semen (54.7 ± 0.52% X and 47.6 ± 0.60% Y). However, significant difference was observed in X/Y-sorted semen (93.3 ± 0.08% X and 91.4 ± 0.06% Y-sperm), as compared to the expected ratio in unsorted semen or the post-sorting reanalysis data. The evolution of X-chromosome bearing sperm content in unsorted samples showed an average of 52.6 for ejaculates and 51.8 for the commercial semen. In order to confirm our results, the accuracy, repeatability and reproducibility of the method were tested resulting in 98.2% accuracy, repeatability of CV = 5.59% and reproducibility of CV = 5.40%. Thus, this method is demonstrated to be a reliable and inexpensive way to test sexual chromosome content in semen samples.