Efficiency of hysteroscopic visualization of bubaline uterus

Abattoir derived buffalo genitalia (n = 98) were evaluated for uterine pathology employing palpable, ultrasonographic and hysteroscopic visualization. A high proportion (45.92%) of genitalia evidenced uterine pathology including endometritis (14.29%), pyometra (7.14%), hemorrhages in the endometrium (14.29%) and mucometra (6.12%). The sensitivity and specificity of hysteroscopy was 100% for endometritis and hemorrhages whereas for same conditions ultrasonography and palpation had low sensitivity and specificity. For pyometra and mucometra the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasonography and hysteroscopy was similar. It was concluded that for the diagnosis of minor pathological changes in the uterus such as endometritis and hemorrhages which can hamper fertility hysteroscopy is more efficient technique.