Soluble graphene derived from graphite fluoride

Soluble graphene layers were formed by reacting graphite fluoride with alkyl lithium reagents. IR spectral studies confirmed the covalent attachment of alkyl chains to the graphene layers. Raman scattering and XRD studies of the starting materials and products revealed that the chemical process partially restores the sp2 carbon network. The solubility and extinction coefficient were determined by UV–vis-near infrared spectroscopy. Annealing of bulk samples further extends the sp2 lattice due to dealkylation as followed by Raman, XRD and mid-infrared spectroscopy. The present study demonstrates a one-step chemical treatment of graphite fluoride that allows the manipulation of a soluble form of graphene.