Preparation of PEI-coated bacterial biosorbent in water solution: Optimization of manufacturing conditions using response surface methodology

The aim of this study is to optimize preparation method of polyethyleneimine (PEI)-coated bacterial biosorbent in water as reaction media using fermentation waste biomass of Corynebacterium glutamicum as a raw material. The fermentation waste biomass of C. glutamicum and Reactive Red 4 were used as model raw bacterium and pollutant. Major factors affecting the performance of PEI-coated biosorbent were the amounts of polymer (PEI) and cross-linker glutaraldehyde (GA). These factors were optimized through response surface methodology (RSM) with two-level-two-factor (22) full factorial central composite design. As a result, the optimum conditions were found to be 4.29 g of PEI and 0.15 mL of GA, with 10 g of the biomass, where the sorption capacity was enhanced 4.52-fold compared to that of the raw biomass. Therefore, this simple, cost-effective, and water-based method could be a useful modification tool for the development of a high performance biosorbent for removing anionic pollutants.