Preparation and characterization of chitosan encapsulated Sargassum sp. biosorbent for nickel ions sorption

A new biosorbent – Sargassum sp. encapsulated with epichlorohydrin (ECH) cross-linked chitosan (CS) was investigated for nickel ions removal. The prepared biosorbent with Sargassum sp. to cross-linked chitosan of 3 (weight ratio) had the highest sorption capacity. The biosorption kinetics can be well fitted by the diffusion-controlled model. The organic leaching of CS was 77–88% less than that of algae at different pH. The biosorption capacity of nickel on CS was much higher than that of cross-linked chitosan (CLC) bead and lower than that of raw algae due to encapsulation. In addition, the reusability of CS was further evaluated and confirmed through five adsorption–desorption cycles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis demonstrated that the nickel ions sequestration mechanism included ion exchange and nickel complexation with the carboxyl, amino, alcoholic and ether groups in CS.