Extended continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor (ECSTR) as a simple model of life under thermodynamically open conditions

A continuous-flow stirred-tank reactor (CSTR) is a vital tool for investigating the nonlinear dynamics of chemical systems. This report proposes an extended CSTR (ECSTR) inspired by active and passive transports through a closed membrane in living systems. In addition to the externally-controlled flow in a conventional CSTR, we introduce passive diffusion through a membrane into the ECSTR. This extension allows us to control the chemical dynamics with a larger parameter-dimension. Numerical analyses show that the ECSTR can expand an oscillatory region in the parameter space and can convert a non-oscillatory chemical system to an oscillatory system.