Quasi-free-standing monolayer and bilayer graphene growth on homoepitaxial on-axis 4H-SiC(0 0 0 1) layers

Quasi-free-standing monolayer and bilayer graphene is grown on homoepitaxial layers of 4H-SiC. The SiC epilayers themselves are grown on the Si-face of nominally on-axis semi-insulating substrates using a conventional SiC hot-wall chemical vapor deposition reactor. The epilayers were confirmed to consist entirely of the 4H polytype by low temperature photoluminescence. The doping of the SiC epilayers may be modified allowing for graphene to be grown on a conducing substrate. Graphene growth was performed via thermal decomposition of the surface of the SiC epilayers under Si background pressure in order to achieve control on thickness uniformity over large area. Monolayer and bilayer samples were prepared through the conversion of a carbon buffer layer and monolayer graphene respectively using hydrogen intercalation process. Micro-Raman and reflectance mappings confirmed predominantly quasi-free-standing monolayer and bilayer graphene on samples grown under optimized growth conditions. Measurements of the Hall properties of Van der Pauw structures fabricated on these layers show high charge carrier mobility (>2000 cm2/Vs) and low carrier density (<0.9 × 1013 cm−2) in quasi-free-standing bilayer samples relative to monolayer samples. Also, bilayers on homoepitaxial layers are found to be superior in quality compared to bilayers grown directly on SI substrates.