Salt effect on microscopic structure and stability of colloidal complex obtained from neutral/polyelectrolyte block copolymer and oppositely charged surfactant

The salt effect on complex formation of poly(acrylamide)-block-poly(acrylic acid) (PAM-b-PAA) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB) at different NaBr concentrations, CNaBr, was investigated by laser light scattering (LLS) and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). LLS and SANS clearly indicates that the aqueous solution of PAM-b-PAA and DTAB associate into colloidal complexes. For low surfactant-to-polymer charge ratio Z lower than the critical value ZC, the colloidal complexes are single DTAB micelles dressed by a few PAM-b-PAA. Above ZC, the colloidal complexes form a core–shell microstructure. The complex formation in the PAM-b-PAA/DTAB is enhanced by addition of salt: ZC decreases with increasing CNaBr. This is considered to similar to the cmc behavior for the pure surfactant system. The core of the complex consists of densely packed surfactant micelles (DTA+), and PAA block chains bind to these micelles, displace their counteranions (Br−) and bridge them. The corona of the complex is constituted from the PAM. Since the interaction between polyelectrolyte and oppositely charged surfactant is primarily electrostatic in nature, the core radius and the intermicellar distance of the DTA+ micelles inside the core depend on CNaBr. The addition of salt screens the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged PAA block and DTAB, which weakens the interaction. With increasing CNaBr, therefore, the core of the colloidal complex is considered to swell, which leads to the increases in the core radius RC and the intermicellar distance of the DTA+ micelles inside the core. The aggregation number expressed in terms of DTA+ micelles per complex is also evaluated using the analogy with the homopolyelectrolyte/surfactant system.